Recently, a barbecue restaurant in Yantai, Shandong Province, caused controversy by using corn kernels as fuel.山东烟台一家烧烤店发布的视频显示，烤架上堆满了黄橙色的玉米粒，肉片在烤盘上滋滋作响，空气中混合着肉的香气和玉米的淡淡甜味。 The seemingly novel cooking method has caused a great deal of controversy online. Some netizens bluntly said: Food is hard to come by, and burning corn for fuel is a waste of food. Some netizens said that corn is used as fuel, which produces a large amount of smoke and harmful gases during the combustion process.该店所谓的“环保效益”或许不过是一种营销噱头。对此，该店回应称，所使用的部分玉米是从周边农民那里收集的陈粒。 They don't think it's a waste, but will help farmers.事件发酵后昨日，山东省烟台市市场监管部门回应称，经查阅相关法律法规，目前尚无明确的处罚依据。 They advised merchants to stop this behavior and remove related promotional videos. It is worth noting that this is not the first time that controversy has arisen over gasoline. In the past, some restaurants in Shenyang, Dalian and other places used corn as fuel, which also caused controversy.不过，沉阳、大连等地的相关部门并没有明确降级这种行为，只是表示不支持商贩的行为。 Some experts say that incomplete combustion of corn can produce carcinogens and is not as safe as charcoal. Moreover, our country's food is still in a tight balance. Saving food is still a social consensus and should not be wasted. If the corn kernels are burned directly, is the utilization efficiency high?什么前任究竟是“陈粮”？ If a store buys unsold corn and burns it, is it considered waste?中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院教授郑凤田在接受知乎采访时表示，在他看来，这起事件类似于一场宣传噱头。 The familiar corn is susceptible to expansion and even “pagsdust" once heated. Therefore, if the corn is really used as fuel for combustion, I am afraid that there will still be some safety risks. Of course, it is also possible that some processing has been done, but it has not been explained to the public. Zheng Fengtian said that generally speaking, countries have a grain reserve system.但也有一些情况。 For example, some reserve grains have been stored for too long, more than five year, and their edible value is greatly reduced.这就是所谓的“陈化谷物”。 For another example, it rained during the corn harvest this year.由于干燥条件有限一些农民的玉米发霉变质，难以进入市场正常销售。使用玉米作为燃料只是个别现象，并不是大规模收购玉米作为燃料。其次，农民也是理性的决策者，会根据市场情况做出选择。虽然国家有政策扶持粮食价格，但近年来玉米市场价格大幅下跌。有时市场价格仅为80美分。如果有人付85美分来收割，对于农民来说，就等于多了一个销售渠道，这并不一定是好事。更重要的是，用于此类目的的玉米消耗量确实有限，与该国总产量相比只是九牛一毛。所以，我们没必要对这件事过度解读，不要上网。之所以发生这起事件，之所以引起争议，是因为在大多数人眼里，玉米就是以粮还粮，看到金黄就可惜了。玉米被扔进烤箱作为燃料。玉米是我国三大主粮之一。也是生产面积最大、单产和总产量最高的粮食作物。数据显示，2024年，我国玉米种植面积将达到6.7亿公顷，总产量29492万吨，连续第四年刷新历史纪录。但从用途上看，近年来，玉米已从主粮转变为饲料和工业原料，功能定位也在发生变化。目前，我国玉米主要用于饲料加工、工业原料、食品加工和消费。其中饲料约占60%，工业加工占30%，食品消费占不到7%，且逐年减少。有业内专家表示，烧烤店收购少量库存积压的劣质玉米作为燃料，有效保住了利润。影响农民种植玉米的收入预期。然而，在国家政策层面，对玉米的使用有明确的指导方针和控制。例如，2022年中央一号文件明确提出“严格控制以玉米为原料加工汽油燃料”。限制玉米工业用途，有利于促进玉米产销平衡，保障国家粮食安全。海关总署公布的数据显示，今年上半年，我国累计进口玉米79万吨，同比减少约93%。今年以来，玉米期货价格经历了先涨后跌的波动。近年来，玉米价格持续下跌。我国玉米供应充足吗？是否适合用作燃料？对此，中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院教授郑凤田中国大学表示，我国对于生物燃料的发展一直有明确的规定：燃料的生产必须遵守土地不可取、不可侵犯的原则。在粮食供应相对充足的时期，允许使用一些长期储存的陈粮来生产燃料；但一旦粮食供应紧张，严禁收购农民的玉米等粮食作物作为原料。因此，我国生物燃料原料的使用始终根据粮食供需的实际情况进行调整。此外，对于一些低消费的小型制造业活动，由于对全国市场的影响非常有限，因此没有必要出台过多的限制性政策。编辑：陈宇辉 翟静 编辑：彭晓燕
